If the Earth were a football - a standard size 5 football measuring 22 cm across - how big would everything else be, and how far away?
Scaled sizes
The Sun
A tennis court length
24 mSun at this scale
23.77 mTennis court
Almost exact
The Moon
An American pool ball
6 cmMoon at this scale
5.715 cmPool ball
Very close
THE GIANT PLANETS SPIN THE FASTEST
They complete one rotation in:
Jupiter
9.9 hours
Saturn
10.7 hours
Neptune
16.1 hours
Uranus
17.2 hours
Their rapid rotation makes them noticeably wider than they are tall. They bulge more at the equator.
Jupiter
Almost the height of a football goal
2.47 mEquatorial width
2.31 mPole to pole
2.44 mFootball goal height
Venus
A size 4 football
(a slightly smaller ball for youth players.)
20.9 cmVenus at this scale
21 cmSize 4 football
Almost exact
Neptune
The height of a washing machine
85.4 cmEquatorial width
84 cmPole to pole
85 cmWashing machine
Very close
SaturnA single mattress lengthUranusSnooker table heightMarsA lawn bowlMercuryA large orange
You've seen the sizes.
Now: how far apart?
Scaled distances
Earth to the Moon
The average distance is 6.63 m centre to centre.The live distance is loading.
A full-size football goal is 7.32 m wide, so the Moon sits just inside the far post.
A full-size football goal is 7.32 m wide, so the Moon sits just inside the far post.
The Sun to the Planets
The tennis-court-sized Sun sits on Wimbledon's Centre Court. We will place the planets in a straight line across the map using their mean average distances from the Sun. You can also switch to their calculated live positions and current distances.
From Washington, D.C., on a map
Each map pairs a planet's exact scaled distance with a nearby city at roughly the same straight-line distance.
Saturn
Scaled distance: 24.7 km
Nearby match for Saturn: Lorton — 25.8 km from Washington, D.C. in a straight line.
Uranus
Scaled distance: 49.5 km
Nearby match for Uranus: Glen Burnie — 47.6 km from Washington, D.C. in a straight line.
Neptune
Scaled distance: 77.5 km
Nearby match for Neptune: Perry Hall — 77.0 km from Washington, D.C. in a straight line.
What does The Football Scale reveal?
Earth & Venus:
Closest in size, closest neighbouring planets in average orbital distance, yet the greatest temperature difference, around 450°C, between neighbouring planets.
Mars to Jupiter:
The relatively compact inner Solar System suddenly gives way to a huge gap.
Uranus & Neptune:
These two ice giants are very similar in size but not in location. Their mean orbital distances differ by about 1.6 billion km.